BMI correlates with metabolic states—high BMI indicates insulin resistance (28), while low BMI may signal malnutrition; albumin reflects nutritional and inflammatory status—low albumin implies chronic inflammation and catabolic stress (29); and NLR serves as a marker of systemic inflammation—elevated NLR indicates neutrophil predominance and lymphocyte suppression (30). The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is nutritional deficiency disease.