Given that our findings indicate increased Rab12 phosphorylation in the brain in multiple neurodegenerative diseases, next steps may include investigating whether peripheral pS106-Rab12, which was found to be elevated in LRRK2GS PD patients and LRRK2GS non-manifesting carriers compared to controls, is similarly increased and extends beyond PD using a variety of these approaches [15, 97]. This evidence concerns the gene RAB12 and Parkinson disease.