We previously found that young adult mice developed long-lasting memory dysfunction when a tibia fracture preceded ischemic stroke by 6 hours, coinciding with an accumulation of CX3C chemokine receptor 1+ (Cx3cr1+) and CD68+ cells [21], impairment of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and reduction of pericytes in the hippocampus, and damage of the striatum white matter [22], in contrast to the temporary memory dysfunction (<1 week) caused by BF alone [23, 24]. Here, CX3CR1 is linked to ischemic stroke.