We showed previously that young mice that underwent tibia fracture 6 hours before ischemic stroke developed long-lasting memory dysfunction, which coincided with an accumulation of CX3C chemokine receptor 1+ (Cx3cr1+) and CD68+ cells [21] and impairment of BBB in the hippocampi, and damage of the white matter in the striatum [22]. This evidence concerns the gene CX3CR1 and ischemic stroke.