FTL and Cognitive impairment: Evidence has shown that 8 weeks of aerobic exercise significantly activates the System Xc−/GPX4 signaling axis in the prefrontal cortex of AD mice, upregulates ferritin light chain (FTL) and β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), downregulates 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), inhibits ferroptosis and lipid peroxidation, and ameliorates cognitive deficits (Li et al., 2024a).