NPPA and familial dilated cardiomyopathy: Notably, we also proposed that the interaction networks formed by miRNA, protein, and metabolite fingerprints involved in the early stage of DCM, such as hsa-mir-122-5p, IL6, FGL1, LEP, ADIPOQ, INS, TNF, IGFBP7, GDF15, GPX3, NPPA, bilirubin, butyric acid (butyrate), and creatinine, are the potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the early stage of DCM.