In rats, pain behavior is reduced or eliminated when axon regeneration is stopped/inhibited [73, 84], such as by applying semaphorin 3A [85] and injecting small-interfering RNA (siRNA) into axotomized sensory ganglia to block growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) expression [73, 86], This hypothesis is consistent with studies showing that TMR reduces/eliminates chronic neuropathic pain [69, 77, 87], including complex regional pain syndrome (CRPST) type II [88]. The gene discussed is GAP43; the disease is complex regional pain syndrome.