CD4 and acute myeloid leukemia: Since proportions of CD3+ T lymphocytes have been shown to be decreased while frequencies of CD3+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) were increased in AML at diagnosis16, we also explored these populations frequencies following chemotherapy induction in the NR and CR patients and found similarly to this previous study16 a depletion increase of total CD8+ T cells, including cytotoxic CD8+IFN-γ+ T cells, and an increase of CD4+FOXP3+ T cells in the NR vs. CR patients (Supplementary Fig. 3A–C).