An important issue here is also the type of G-CSF to employ: filgrastim is a non-pegylated short-acting form of G-CSF, used at the daily dose of 5 μg/kg, until the end of neutropenia, according to the myelosuppressive grade of chemotherapy schedules; pegfilgrastim is a pegylated long-acting recombinant form of G-CSF with extended half-life used to decrease the incidence of infections in patients with non-myeloid malignancies, receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy [3] and requiring less frequent administrations (single dose administration per chemotherapy cycle) than non-pegylated G-CSF. This evidence concerns the gene CSF3 and myeloid neoplasm.