Additionally, epigenetic changes associated with the PIK3R1 gene remain a focal point of research, and PIK3R1 methylation could potentially serve as a cancer biomarker indicative of malignancy prognosis, as well as a target for multiple miRNAs that perform tumor-suppressive functions, thus providing a robust foundation for future development of specific epigenetic drugs. The gene discussed is PIK3R1; the disease is neoplasm.