PCNA and cancer: These included canonical pathways likep53/Rb and mTOR, where PCNA involvement is anticipated, as well asless directly related pathways such as WNT, NRF2, MYC/MYCN, SWI/SNF,and HIPPO, which may reflect coregulated tumorigenicprograms or stress-adaptive mechanisms, using the UALCAN portal (Figure )., The integrated bar plot was constructed using the median Z-scorevalues as the quantitative measure of alteration magnitude in R software. Substantial variation among cancer types, withaltered pathway status (red) correlated with higher expression ofPCNA than unaltered ones (others).