In the colon, mRNA levels of TNF-α in SDF rats were considerably higher than those of CF rats (2.86 ± 0.33 old vs. CF); mRNA levels of IL-1β in SDM rats were significantly higher than those of CM rats (0.98 ± 0.24 fold vs. CF) (Fig. 3B). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is cystic fibrosis.