In a proteogenomic study, Emilsson et al. investigated associations between 4,782 human AMD candidate serum proteins and various disease stages of AMD and found that not only complement and inflammation-related factors were enriched in the serum of patients at risk for early or late AMD, but also that the serum sialyltransferase (ST6 N-acetylgalactosaminide α-2,6-sialyltransferase 1, ST6GALNAC1) and fucosyltransferase 5 (FUT5) were associated with early AMD (Emilsson et al., 2022). This evidence concerns the gene ST6GALNAC1 and age-related macular degeneration.