TNF and major depressive disorder: Mood disorders samples: The two studies examining lithium and quetiapine were for people with bipolar disorders, and the study not mentioned in detail was for people with MDD; this reported primarily non-significant increases in pro-inflammatory (IL-8, TNFα, IFNγ) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) markers, the only exception being a minimal non-significant decrease in IL-6 (Ricken et al., 2018).