AKT1 and neoplasm: Rac is activated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiogenin 1 (Ang-1), and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) (Bid et al., 2013), thereby regulating cell adhesion, cell proliferation and migration, and participating in tumor vascular invasion (Brantley-Sieders et al., 2009).