Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, inhibits the TGF-β pathway in HSCs by downregulating miR-34a-5p expression and upregulating Gremlin 2 in the LX-2 human hepatic stellate cell line (LX-2 HSCs) and ob/ob mouse fibrosis models, thereby improving NAFLD-related fibrosis (99). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and fibrosis.