TRIM21 and viral infectious disease: reported that viral infection induced TRIM21 expression via IFN-I (via autocrine signaling) and bystander cells (via paracrine signaling) of infected cells,TRIM21 catalyzes the k48-linked ubiquitination of TRPV2 at Lys295, promoting the proteasome-dependent degradation of TRPV2 and inhibiting viral infection (112).