Previous studies have demonstrated that adding the anti‐inflammatory agent pentoxifylline, which inhibits the production of TNF and IL‐6, to standard HF therapy improved LV ejection fraction and symptoms in patients with ischaemic and dilated cardiomyopathy, as well as in those with PPCM.14, 23, 24, 25. This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and dilated cardiomyopathy.