Crucially, the 34 MCD&PRGs themselves were significantly differentially expressed between tumor and normal tissues, with genes like APOE, APOC1, and SQSTM1 being upregulated and DEPTOR, FHL1, PCP4, and ZFP36 downregulated in tumors, validating their strong association with the cancerous state (Figure S8E Heatmap, S8F Volcano plot). Here, APOC1 is linked to neoplasm.