INS and familial primary hypomagnesemia: Numerous drugs have been associated with hypomagnesemia [7,9,10], including insulin and epinephrine (which promote intracellular Mg2+ uptake), laxatives, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), and metformin (through gastrointestinal losses), as well as antibiotics, antifungals, and antivirals; antineoplastic agents like carboplatin and cisplatin; calcineurin inhibitors; thiazides; furosemide; and digoxin (which increase urinary excretion) [8].