This can be due to the inhibition of other pathways that are activated in both tumor cells and non-tumoral astrocytes, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) interacting with protein kinases 1 and 2, which belong to the MAPK pathway and are related to the synthesis of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G and the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E [29]. Here, EIF4E is linked to neoplasm.