VEGFA and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Similarly, ivonescimab, a PD-1/VEGF bi-specific antibody, combined with ligufalimab (anti-CD47), achieved a 65% ORR and 7.1 months median PFS in first-line PD-L1-positive R/M HNSCC, outperforming ivonescimab alone (40% ORR, 5.0 months PFS), suggesting enhanced efficacy through dual immune and angiogenic targeting [120].