CD40LG and injury: In this experiment, the serum levels of ET, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1, interleukin 2 (IL-2), IgM, and IgG in the LD group were all extremely significantly increased compared with those of the CON group, and this result was attributed to the inflammatory and immune responses generated by the LPS/D-GalN-induced acute liver injury.