In another study [158], the upregulation of IR-associated genes such as PGC1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-Cells inhibitor α (NFKBI α), and mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) in the skeletal muscle of women with PCOS after a single bout of aerobic exercise [158] was observed. Here, PPARGC1A is linked to polycystic ovary syndrome.