A direct oncogenic activity of PMEPA1 was demonstrated recently through the hyperexpression of PMEPA1: mice were i.v. injected with transposon-based vectors carrying the MYC and PMEPA1 genes—60% of animals developed hepatocellular carcinoma, whereas mice that received only MYC did not develop tumors [6]. This evidence concerns the gene MYC and hepatocellular carcinoma.