In a breast cancer cell line, PEDF dose-dependently inhibited the ability of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) to promote NADPH oxidase-driven superoxide generation, cytochrome b-245 β chain (gp91phox) and receptor for AGE (RAGE) mRNA, VEGF, and MMP-9 mRNA expression in MCF-7 cells, all dose-dependently inhibited by PEDF [53]. Here, MMP9 is linked to breast cancer.