GSS and esophageal cancer: qRT-PCR results showed that CAP treatment could inhibit the expression of the NRF2 gene in esophageal cancer, indicating that CAP may suppress the expression of γ-glutamylcysteine ligase and glutathione synthase (GSS) by inhibiting the expression of NRF2 gene, thereby inhibiting the glutamine metabolism and glutathione pathway in esophageal cancer cells.