In addition, the nephroprotection of SIRT1 in diabetic nephropathy is mediated by deacetylation of some transcription factors, including FoxO, RelA/NF-kβ, STAT-3, and PGC-1α/PPARγb, etc., and the higher activity of SIRT1 exerts the renal protective effect for diabetic kidney disease [25]. The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is diabetic kidney disease.