NLRP3 and Obesity: In chronic kidney disease (CKD), persistent NLRP3 activation drives renal fibrosis through the Transforming growth factor-β1/Smad signaling pathway and epithelial–mesenchymal transition, contributing to the progression of conditions such as diabetic nephropathy, crystal nephropathy, lupus nephritis, obesity-related fibrosis, and hypertension-induced damage.