The immune response with the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 observed in response to infection with C. trachomatis, but also M. hominis and Ureaplasma spp., is aimed at inducing or amplifying inflammation by activating immune cells or controlling infection, but can also lead to the survival of microorganisms and irreversible tissue damage in the fallopian tubes [40,122,172,173]. Here, TNF is linked to infection.