HMOX1 and Hepatic fibrosis: Another study found that the hepatoprotective effects of pomegranate extract and curcumin against thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis are linked to their ability to modulate the Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NF-κB, and TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathways [126].