It is noted that in patients with granulomatous disease, such as sarcoidosis or tuberculosis, and tumors such as lymphomas, hypercalcemia occurs as a result of the activity of ectopic 25(OH)D-1-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) expressed in macrophages or tumor cells and the formation of excessive amounts of 1,25-(OH)2D [130]. The gene discussed is CYP27B1; the disease is hypercalcemia disease.