The inflammatory-inducing effect of LPS was observed not only on cytokines but also on chemokines such as MCP1, MCP2, CXCL12, and RANTES proteins in in vitro models (human monocytes [48] and murine macrophages [49]); these chemokines are overexpressed in chronic intestinal inflammation [50,51]. Here, CXCL12 is linked to inflammatory response.