CP and Mental deterioration: Among 511 participants with longitudinal data, baseline CP enlargement (β = −0.214, p < 0.001; Table 3; Fig. 3C) and higher PSMD (β = −0.145, p = 0.002; Table 3; Fig. 3D) were independently associated with more rapid cognitive decline quantified with ΔMMSE (β = −0.217, p < 0.001; Table 3; Fig. 3D).