In addition, In addition, Sympathetic activation and hypoxia/reoxygenation cycles triggered by sleep arousal induce oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, with a consequent significant increase in activated Ca MKII levels, a significant increase in Ca MKII-dependent myocardial Na channel phosphorylation, and a dysregulation of atrial myocyte INa, which means the inactivation of atrial myocyte homeostasis leads to the development of cardiac arrhythmias [34]. Here, CAMK2G is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.