HMOX1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Compared to the CON group, the T2DM-SED group showed significantly elevated mRNA expression of the oxidative stress marker Nox2 (Figure 2A), along with suppression of the Keap1/Nrf2/Hmox1 antioxidant pathway and reduced mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes Gpx3 and Sod1 (Figure 2B–F).