Separately, Malireddi et al. [229] demonstrated that inflammatory mediators such as IL-1β, TNF-β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, as well as aging MCP-1, IL-6, and MMP2 released by aging VSMCs, contribute to PANoptosis-driven VSMC degradation in AAA. This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and triple-A syndrome.