EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Over the past decade, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and targeted therapies have significantly advanced treatment strategies for NSCLC, largely due to the availability of biomarkers, such as PDL1 levels within tumors for ICIs and EGFR mutations, ALK and ROS1 rearrangements, KRAS G12C mutations, and others for targeted therapies.