VEGFA and ovarian cancer: VEGF, a mediator of disease pathogenesis and a therapeutic target in ovarian cancer (Monk et al., 2016), was also detected, with some cells spontaneously secreting VEGF at levels close to those seen in overexpressing ID8 cells transfected with a VEGF-encoding plasmid [ID8-VEGF, (Janat-Amsbury et al., 2006)], included here as positive controls.