Likewise, compared to the toxic effects of Cu chelation therapy, the traditional Chinese medicine curcumin has demonstrated marked efficacy in Wilson's disease by lowering intracellular Cu levels, inhibiting ferroptosis, and promoting the expression of oxidative stress-related markers such as GPX4, heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and Nrf2 (97). The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is Wilson disease.