STAT3 and Granuloma: Combined with the analysis of serum cytokine profiles during the treatment of cases 1 and 3, IL-6 may indirectly affect the production of TNF-α and participate in granuloma formation (7, 9); it activates Jak1 and Jak2/stat3 pathways to initiate autophagy, participates in the process of vascular fibrosis (17), and leads to vascular stenosis.