In 2010, Singh and Mars investigated ML application for the prediction of future CD4 cell count change in South Africa, since CD4 cell count is a preferred surrogate marker and assists clinicians and other health practitioners with the management of the infection as well as with the allocation of the resources needed.55 It was reported that close monitoring of the progression of HIV infection by counting CD4 cells is vital to its effective management. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is infection.