LGALS9 and cancer: Differences in sensitivity may also rely on the routing of internalized Gal-9, as Gal-9 was recycled back to the apical surface in polarized non-malignant MDCK cells (Mishra et al., 2010), but transported to and accumulated in lysosomes in cancer cells (Wiersma et al., 2015; Choukrani et al., 2023; Itoh et al., 2019).