APOE and Alzheimer disease: The common genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease, the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele, has specifically been associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease and CVD, as well as detrimental effects on white matter (Kaprio et al., 1991; Fullerton et al., 2000; Raichlen and Alexander, 2014; Wang et al., 2015).