STAT3 functions as a prominent upstream mediator in the orchestration of EMT, demonstrating the capacity to instigate EMT-mediated metastasis in diverse malignancies, including brain tumors, thoracic cancers (encompassing lung cancer), and gastrointestinal cancers.52, 53, 54, 55, 56 Shen et al confirmed that blocking ATM inhibited EMT and reduced metastasis in cisplatin-resistant lung cancer cells via the JAK/STAT3/PD-L1 pathway.57 This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and thoracic cancer.