CGAS and autoimmune disease: While this regulatory mechanism serves to dampen excessive inflammation, it also negatively impacts the host’s antifungal immunity, highlighting the delicate balance between immune regulation and effective pathogen defense.402 Dysregulated cGAS–STING pathway activation can result in autoimmune disorders or exacerbate the severity of abdominal sepsis.403–408 The homeostatic regulation of cGAS–STING involves toll-interacting protein (TOLLIP), an endogenous negative regulator of TLR signaling that functions as a stabilizer during the resting phase.