In the context of UL88-STOP-mCh HCMV infection, we also observed upregulation of the Type I interferons IFN-β and IFN-α2 (Fig. 8E and F), although IFNα1, IFNα4, and IRF3 were similarly expressed after infection with TB40/E-mCh or UL88-STOP-mCh HCMV (Fig. 8E and F). Here, IFNA1 is linked to cytomegalovirus infection.