Although diabetes duration was not an inclusion criterion in the SURPASS trials, individuals enrolled in SURPASS-1 were previously untreated, those in SURPASS-2 were treated with metformin alone, and those in SURPASS-3 were treated with metformin with or without an SGLT2i, while only SURPASS-5 and SURPASS-6 included participants using insulin at baseline, suggesting that the average diabetes duration at inclusion in these trials may have been relatively short. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.