The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety of ICI combination chemotherapy and platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with NSCLC with PD-L1 TPS between 1% and 49% in a real-world setting and to identify patients who do not require the addition of ICI to chemotherapy based on their clinical characteristics to advance personalized medicine in ICI therapy. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.