Reflecting this conceptualshift, we discuss recent clinical trial outcomes on Bruton Tyrosine kinase (Btk)inhibitors as the most appreciated clinical highlight in MS research in 2024.Furthermore, we discuss novel cellular therapies such as CAR T cells, which targetdeep tissue B-cell depletion, offering a new frontier in MS treatment in thefuture. This evidence concerns the gene BTK and myeloid sarcoma.