Specifically, under PF conditions, increased ER stress in AEC2 resulted in impaired lipid synthesis, in particular a reduction in unsaturated fatty acid synthesis mediated by stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD1) Reduced SCD1 activity not only impeded resolution of endoplasmic reticulum stress, but also exacerbated cellular dysfunction, thereby triggering a fibrotic response (Romero et al., 2018a). This evidence concerns the gene SCD and pemphigus foliaceus.